$916.649B
$916.649B
$916.649B
13.08%
13.08%
PUBLIC LEDGER
Choose one period at a time. FY2024 and FY2025 are completed fiscal years. FY2026 covers October 2025–August 2026 only; September is excluded. Do not compare its eleven-month total directly with a completed year.
FY2025 · October 2024–September 2025. Final, completed fiscal year actuals. Treasury reporting through October 17, 2025; later revisions possible.
$7,009.992B
Net spending recorded for FY2025.
$5,234.617B
Revenue collected for FY2025.
$1,775.375B
The gap: outlays minus receipts.
Outlays − receipts = deficit. Treasury’s rounded table totals: $7,009.992B − $5,234.617B = $1,775.375B. Headline figures are rounded to $0.01T.
All 19 rows in Treasury’s FY2025 function table. Nonoverlapping accounting categories; amounts are net outlays in billions. Shares use total net outlays, including negative offsets.
Table rounding reconciliation (+$1M)
Total net outlays
Published function rows sum to $7,009.991B. The +$0.001B table-rounding difference reconciles them to Treasury’s $7,009.992B reported total. This is a rounding reconciliation, not an additional spending category. Shares are rounded to 0.01 percentage point.
Negative amounts reduce net outlays. Collections and credit-program adjustments can offset spending within a function; undistributed offsetting receipts reduce the overall total. These offsets are already included here and must not be added again to federal receipts. Credit-accounting amounts can reflect loan subsidy reestimates, not cash services delivered that year.
Follow the linked spending areas for available investigations. Unlinked area names are accounting context. Investigations use FY2025 accounting; each study retains its own observation period and does not switch years with the ledger.
Plain-language examples, separate from the ledger. They help explain the categories; they are not extra totals or measured outcomes.
Follow the linked spending areas for FY2025 accounting context. Each study retains its own observation period; these investigations do not switch years with the ledger.
Social Security supports retirement, survivors, and disability benefits. Other retirement benefits sit in Income Security and Veterans Benefits and Services.
Medicare is its own function. Health covers other healthcare services, research, and safety; veterans’ medical care sits in Veterans Benefits and Services.
National Defense includes military activities and related defense programs. Veterans’ benefits are a separate function.
Education, Training, Employment, and Social Services includes schools, higher education, training, and social services.
Rental assistance sits in Income Security; mortgage credit in Commerce and Housing Credit; veterans’ housing in Veterans Benefits and Services.
Food and nutrition assistance, including SNAP, sits in Income Security. Agriculture covers farm support and agricultural research.
Transportation covers road, air, and water transport. Community and Regional Development includes local development and disaster relief; water resources also sit in Natural Resources and Environment.
Net Interest records interest costs after related interest income and other offsets. It is separate from program spending.
Congress
Passes spending laws: annual appropriations and laws setting program eligibility and benefits.
President
Proposes a budget, recommends priorities, and signs or vetoes legislation. A budget proposal is not spending law.
Agencies
Implement enacted laws, administer programs, and make payments within their legal authority.
Some spending follows existing eligibility laws and benefit formulas rather than a new allocation each year. Congress can change those laws. Some mandatory programs still receive annual appropriations. Outlays in FY2025 can also pay obligations authorized in earlier years.
FY2025 sources & accounting notes · 5 official sources
B = billion dollars; T = trillion dollars. Ledger amounts retain Treasury’s published precision of $1 million. Shares divide each function by reported total net outlays, then round to two decimal places. The positive function rows total $7,188.837B; the two negative rows total −$178.846B; together they equal $7,009.991B. Adding the $0.001B table-rounding difference reconciles to $7,009.992B. The rounding line is an accounting reconciliation, not a budget function.
- Treasury · FY2025 Combined Statement (opens in a new tab)
Printed p. 13 (PDF p. 19): receipts. Printed p. 15 (PDF p. 21): all 19 outlay-function rows and reported total. Printed p. 1: reporting through October 17, 2025 and possible subsequent revisions. This overview uses those actuals consistently; it does not mix in another release or year.
- OMB · Functional Classification, Exhibit 79A (opens in a new tab)
Function and subfunction definitions, including housing assistance and food assistance within Income Security. Definitions inform the separate everyday-life guide; no OMB proposed or projected spending amounts are used.
- CBO · Common Budgetary Terms Explained (opens in a new tab)
Outlays, mandatory and discretionary spending, negative offsets, credit accounting, and the deficit. Credit-program outlays can reflect subsidy estimates and reestimates rather than loan principal or cash payments in the same year.
- U.S. Senate · Budget process (opens in a new tab)
The president submits budget recommendations. Congress passes appropriations providing spending authority.
- USAGov · How laws are made (opens in a new tab)
Congress passes legislation; the president can sign or veto it. Congress can override a veto in most cases.